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Author Tay Kheng
Soon |
2001 Given the necessity for dense
human settlements in the hot humid tropics at this time of human history,
many such cities have outgrown the basis of their plans. Their plans have
been largely based on northern antecedents. As such, it is necessary and
timely to re-conceptualise the city in the tropics to turn to advantage the
sun and the rain even as we plan to cope with the intense heat and dampness.
This research proposal is to identify the factors, which make for
sustainable, liveable and lively, compact, mix use connectivity, energy
conserving, bio-diversity protecting and economically vibrant environments
considered regionally and in the urban clusters in the context of the
climatic zone in which these cities are located. 1 Study
comparatively urban patterns by 1km samples the floor space ratios in
relation to road surface, botanical biota, open space and water bodies. 2
Quantify several spontaneous 1 km. Sq.
high-density, tropical urban settlements in terms of human occupancy, site
coverage, building heights, quanta of indoor floor space, quanta of sheltered
fringe floor space, open to sky public areas, biotic areas, water resources,
sewerage facilities, transport facilities to obtain ratios of data at this
extreme condition of liveability as an index. 3
Quantify HDB, HK housing, new housing in Shenszen
and new housing in Bombay in terms of FSR, Occupancy, energy and water use
characteristics noting the income groups they accommodate. 4
Quantify by local typological sampling, data on
occupancy to floor space by different building types and their ratios in
relation to income in relation to site area, neighbourhood area, district
area, town area and regional area. 5
Measurements of ventilation, light, in relation
to use building type, size, occupancy and income. 6
Measurement of energy use for building type,
size, occupancy and income. 7
Water consumption and waste discharge for
building type, size, occupancy and income. 8
Transportation study by samples of typical building
users to quantify transportation energy use pattern. 9
Quantification of communication patterns in terms
of data bits per second by various means of communication. Data obtained by
sample survey. 10
Quantify total existing biota versus
predevelopment ratios derived from sampling of existing equivalent or
relevant biotic environments. 11
Temperature sampling during mid day, sunset, 9pm,
12pm, 5am and 9am. To quantify and track temperature flow characteristics of
different urban patterns and densities. 12
Energy use patterns by urban districts and types
of users. 13
Water use patterns, collection, run off by
quantified surface characteristics by samples and grossed up over a watershed
area. 14
Fresh Food consumption and ratio of food
production land in relation to urban footprint area. 15
Water consumption by catchment area in relation
to urban footprint and population quantum. 16
Urban space and structure and architectural
morphologies for high performance and high responsibility urban patterns and
building designs. 17
Establishment of comfort criteria in terms of
temperature, humidity for different human activities, walking, muscular
activity, sedentary work, sleeping etc. 18
Measurement of attitudes in relation to different
levels of crowdedness in various physical staple urban contexts. 19
Measurement of tolerance to noise levels in
relation to density and spacings and uses. 20
Measurement of temperature differences between
open and shaded temperatures. 21
Measurement of air movement patterns in different
urban settings in relation to unimpeded ambient wind speed. 22
Measurement of air temperatures patterns in urban
settings and in buildings under natural ventilation for different building
and spacing typologies. 23
OTTV measurements against prescribed values. 24
Temperature index established over 24 hour by
hourly measurements of a tropical rain forest at low level. 25
Measurement of heat penetration and retention of
different construction systems measured over 24 hours period by surface
temperature readings. 26
Measurement of night-time public space use
patterns in relation to ambient temperature and humidity and location. 27
Public space use patterns in daytime over week by
ranked locations. 28
Establish database methodology illustrated by the
sample areas the data obtained above to serve as basis for projection of
alternative space planning, urban design and architectural models with
simulated performance readout according to database criteria and indices. |
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